Tag Archives: VAT-payment-problems

VAT Payment Problems – Q & As

By   12 November 2025
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If you can’t pay your VAT bill, please do not put your head in the sand, the problem will not go away.  Here are some answers to the most commonly asked VAT payment problems.

Q: I have received a demand notice for payment of VAT. Why?

A: HMRC have not received payment of the VAT liability that is described in the demand notice. You should therefore pay the outstanding debt without delay so as to avoid further recovery action. HMRC take prompt action to recover debts.

Q: I am not able to pay the debt immediately because of a temporary cash-flow problem. What should I do?

A: You should make urgent contact with your bank or your financial adviser to explore means of overcoming these temporary financial difficulties.

Q: I have consulted the bank/financial adviser, but they are unable to help. What else can I do?

A: Without further delay contact the Regional Debt Management Unit whose address appears on the demand notice. They may be able to help you by agreeing a brief period in which to pay the debt. They are usually helpful and will consider carefully all practical options for settlement. However, if these do not produce a solution or they do not receive a response to their request for payment, they may, like other creditors, take action to recover the money they are owed.

Q: What is a Late Payment Penalty?

A: These are a civil penalty to encourage businesses to submit their VAT returns and pay the tax due on time.

Q: When will a penalty be issued?

A: A business is in default if it sends in its VAT return and or the VAT due late – full details here. 

Q: How much is it?

A: First Penalty

A business will not incur a penalty if the outstanding tax is paid within the first 15 days after the due date. If VAT remains unpaid after Day 15, the business incurs the first penalty. This penalty is set at 2% of the tax outstanding after Day 15. If any of this tax is still unpaid after Day 30, the penalty increases to 4% of the tax outstanding after Day 30.

Second Penalty

If tax remains unpaid on Day 31, a business will begin to incur an additional penalty on the VAT that remains outstanding. It accrues on a daily basis, at a rate of 4% per annum on the outstanding amount. This additional penalty will stop accruing when the taxpayer pays the tax that is due.

Q: What sort of assessments are sent out?

A: An assessment may be issued if a VAT return is not submitted by the due date. The amount may be based on previous returns. If a business does not submit its returns time after time, the assessment value will increase. An officer may also issue an assessment after a visit, if they have found errors in the amount of tax declared on previous returns. Both types are included in the taxpayers’ debt and are collected in the normal way if they are not paid promptly.

Help 

There are a number of schemes available which may help cashflow or possibly reduce the amount of VAT you pay.

Cash Accounting – where you only pay VAT to HMRC when you have received payment from your customer.

Annual Accounting – where you make set monthly payments and make one return a year with an adjusting payment.

Flat Rate Scheme – where you pay a set percentage of your turnover rather than calculating output tax less input tax.

Bad Debt Relief – where you are able to reclaim VAT relief on your bad debts.

 

Further information

Further information on how to deal with a VAT debt here. 

Please contact us if VAT payments are proving a problem for your business.  Negotiation with HMRC is possible.

How to deal with VAT debt

By   4 December 2020
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In the current climate many businesses are struggling to make payments to HMRC. This clearly can have serious consequences and reduced income due to the Covid 19 coronavirus adds more problems.

This article looks at how to manage a VAT debt position; what can be done, and what not to do.

The first, and most important point to make is; do not ignore a tax debt. It will not go away and, in VAT there is, in most cases a four-year limit for assessing tax, but once assessed or declared, there is no time bar for collecting the debt.

HMRC look for a taxpayer to be taking steps to make a payment, or for a disclosure of the reason funds are unavailable. If HMRC’s Debt Management & Banking team have no idea of the cause of non-payment they will assume that the matter is being ignored and the full force of their powers are likely to be invoked. For background on HMRC’s VAT recovery procedures and powers see here. It is no surprise to learn that the extent of their powers is sweeping and formidable.

Is the VAT debt correct?

The first step is to establish whether a VAT debt is accurate. If it is a result of a normal return, then ensure the declaration is correct. If it is the result of an assessment by HMRC, always challenge it. In the majority of cases, we can assist with getting an assessment reduced or removed completely. A debt may be made up of a combination of; actual VAT, surcharges, penalties and interest

Time To Pay (TTP)

Such an arrangement with HMRC enables a debt to be spread over a period of time. This is usually, but not always, the most beneficial course of action. The process is that the taxpayer submits a proposal for settling the debt over a set period (a “best offer”) in instalments. HMRC may accept the offer, refuse it outright or make a “counter-offer”.

Matters to consider when submitting a VAT TTP proposal:

  • The shorter the payment period proposed the more likely HMRC is to accept
  • The sooner a TTP proposal is made the better
  • HMRC is unlikely to agree a TTP longer than 12 months and most are for a significant shorter period
  • An offer of an up-front payment also increases the chance of agreement
  • An agreed TTP avoids penalties for late payment (as long as it is adhered to, otherwise penalties will apply)
  • If payments are missed HMRC will withdraw from the TTP and the entire debt (plus penalties and interest) will become due immediately
  • A TTP will avoid HMRC using its debt collection powers
  • HMRC is likely to request sight of; cash flow forecasts, management accounts and company cash reserve details to evidence a ‘best offer”
  • Also, information on; management of costs, potential sale of assets, availability of loans, other debts, ability to pay future VAT liabilities may be requested
  • A business with a history of previous TTPs is less likely to be able to agree a new one
  • If a formal TTP cannot be agreed, it is still beneficial for a business to make payments as and when they can be afforded. This keeps HMRC onside and may make discussions about future payment more fruitful

What HMRC expect

HMRC look for various ways a business can raise funds to pay a VAT debt, these include:

  • Sale of assets
  • Anticipated income, eg; large customer payment, contract or other demonstrable future income
  • Bank or similar loans (including family members)
  • Charge on home
  • Alternative fundraising methods

The Debt Management & Banking staff have experience and knowledge of these methods and also use credit agencies.  

Summary

It is always important to talk to HMRC. An ongoing dialogue can improve the debt situation and avoid HMRC taking unilateral action – which is nearly always detrimental to a business. Check that the debt is correct. Consider a TTP arrangement or alternative ways to raise funds. Talk to your advisers.

A debt is often the result of an assessment and penalties. A look at penalties (and how to avoid them) here and an article on how to survive HMRC’s enforcement powers here.